David Bowie: The Genesis of Tin Machine
Swiss Isolation & Creative Reset β January 1987
π
1988-01-08
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: 41st Birthday: Low-Key Celebration
ποΈ Note: David celebrates his 41st birthday in private. Following the overwhelming scale of 1987, he spends the day away from the media, focusing on his personal life and his growing interest in contemporary art and painting.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: 41st Birthday: Low-Key Celebration
ποΈ Note: David celebrates his 41st birthday in private. Following the overwhelming scale of 1987, he spends the day away from the media, focusing on his personal life and his growing interest in contemporary art and painting.
π
1988-01-15
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Home Studio
πΈ Event: Songwriting: Initial 1988 Sketches
ποΈ Note: David begins experimenting with new musical ideas. He moves away from the polished production of his mid-80s work, seeking a more aggressive, guitar-driven sound that prioritizes spontaneity over commercial appeal.
ποΈ Home Studio
πΈ Event: Songwriting: Initial 1988 Sketches
ποΈ Note: David begins experimenting with new musical ideas. He moves away from the polished production of his mid-80s work, seeking a more aggressive, guitar-driven sound that prioritizes spontaneity over commercial appeal.
π
1988-01-25
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Artistic Evaluation: Moving Away from Solo Stardom
ποΈ Note: In private discussions with his management, David expresses a firm desire to stop being a “solo superstar.” He begins formulated plans to form a democratic band where he is merely one of the members, laying the groundwork for what will become Tin Machine.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Artistic Evaluation: Moving Away from Solo Stardom
ποΈ Note: In private discussions with his management, David expresses a firm desire to stop being a “solo superstar.” He begins formulated plans to form a democratic band where he is merely one of the members, laying the groundwork for what will become Tin Machine.
π
1988-01-31
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Strategic Silence
ποΈ Note: David concludes January in complete professional silence. This period is a deliberate “cleansing of the palate” after the Glass Spider tour, allowing him to reconnect with the raw energy of rock music before his next major collaboration.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Strategic Silence
ποΈ Note: David concludes January in complete professional silence. This period is a deliberate “cleansing of the palate” after the Glass Spider tour, allowing him to reconnect with the raw energy of rock music before his next major collaboration.
First Contact & Musical Reconnection β February 1988
π
1988-02-12
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Strategic Planning: The Gabrels Connection
ποΈ Note: David reviews tapes sent by Reeves Gabrels, whom he met during the 1987 tour. He is impressed by Gabrels’ avant-garde guitar style and begins discussing a potential collaboration that moves away from standard rock structures.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Strategic Planning: The Gabrels Connection
ποΈ Note: David reviews tapes sent by Reeves Gabrels, whom he met during the 1987 tour. He is impressed by Gabrels’ avant-garde guitar style and begins discussing a potential collaboration that moves away from standard rock structures.
π
1988-02-29
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Home Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Abandoning the 80s Sound
ποΈ Note: David concludes February by officially deciding to shelf any plans for a solo follow-up to ‘Never Let Me Down’. He instructs his team to look for a small, raw studio environment for his next project.
ποΈ Home Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Abandoning the 80s Sound
ποΈ Note: David concludes February by officially deciding to shelf any plans for a solo follow-up to ‘Never Let Me Down’. He instructs his team to look for a small, raw studio environment for his next project.
The Assembly of the Band β March 1988
π
1988-03-09
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Meeting
πΈ Event: Recruitment: The Sales Brothers
ποΈ Note: David reaches out to Tony and Hunt Sales, the rhythm section from the 1977 ‘Lust For Life’ era with Iggy Pop. He wants their aggressive, “heavy” swing to be the backbone of his new band project.
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Meeting
πΈ Event: Recruitment: The Sales Brothers
ποΈ Note: David reaches out to Tony and Hunt Sales, the rhythm section from the 1977 ‘Lust For Life’ era with Iggy Pop. He wants their aggressive, “heavy” swing to be the backbone of his new band project.
π
1988-03-15
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Space
πΈ Event: First Jam: Bowie, Gabrels, and the Sales Brothers
ποΈ Note: The four musicians meet for an informal jam session. The chemistry is immediate and loud. David is exhilarated by the lack of synthesizers and the raw, democratic feel of the group.
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Space
πΈ Event: First Jam: Bowie, Gabrels, and the Sales Brothers
ποΈ Note: The four musicians meet for an informal jam session. The chemistry is immediate and loud. David is exhilarated by the lack of synthesizers and the raw, democratic feel of the group.
π
1988-03-31
π Montreux, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Mountain Studios / Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Pre-Production Ready
ποΈ Note: David concludes March with a functional band line-up. He decides to record the project in Switzerland and The Bahamas, far away from the industry pressure of London or New York.
ποΈ Mountain Studios / Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Pre-Production Ready
ποΈ Note: David concludes March with a functional band line-up. He decides to record the project in Switzerland and The Bahamas, far away from the industry pressure of London or New York.
Swiss Demos & The Hard Rock Shift β April 1988
π
1988-04-12
π Montreux, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Pre-production: Tin Machine Initial Demos
ποΈ Note: David, Reeves Gabrels, and the Sales brothers begin their first formal demo sessions. David insists on recording live in the studio with minimal overdubs, aiming for a raw, unpolished sound that rejects the high-production values of his 80s solo work.
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Pre-production: Tin Machine Initial Demos
ποΈ Note: David, Reeves Gabrels, and the Sales brothers begin their first formal demo sessions. David insists on recording live in the studio with minimal overdubs, aiming for a raw, unpolished sound that rejects the high-production values of his 80s solo work.
π
1988-04-25
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Creative Session: Songwriting Overhaul
ποΈ Note: David and Reeves Gabrels spend the week developing a new musical shorthand. They focus on complex guitar textures and aggressive rhythms, discarding several melodic pop ideas in favor of the confrontational rock style that will define the band.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Creative Session: Songwriting Overhaul
ποΈ Note: David and Reeves Gabrels spend the week developing a new musical shorthand. They focus on complex guitar textures and aggressive rhythms, discarding several melodic pop ideas in favor of the confrontational rock style that will define the band.
π
1988-04-30
π Montreux, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Democratic Foundation
ποΈ Note: David concludes April having solidified the “band” concept. He makes it clear to his collaborators that he is no longer the “boss” but one of four equal members, even suggesting the band name ‘Tin Machine’ during these sessions.
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Democratic Foundation
ποΈ Note: David concludes April having solidified the “band” concept. He makes it clear to his collaborators that he is no longer the “boss” but one of four equal members, even suggesting the band name ‘Tin Machine’ during these sessions.
Bahamian Sessions & Sonic Brutalism β May 1988
π
1988-05-09
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: Official Tin Machine Album Sessions Start
ποΈ Note: The group relocates to the Bahamas to begin principal photography of their debut album. David chooses this studio for its specific acoustic properties and isolated environment, allowing the band to record at extremely high volumes without interruption.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: Official Tin Machine Album Sessions Start
ποΈ Note: The group relocates to the Bahamas to begin principal photography of their debut album. David chooses this studio for its specific acoustic properties and isolated environment, allowing the band to record at extremely high volumes without interruption.
π
1988-05-20
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: ‘I Can’t Read’ & ‘Under the God’
ποΈ Note: The band records the core tracks for the album. David adopts a new vocal approach, often recording first takes to capture the immediate energy of the room. The lyrics become more overtly political and abrasive, reflecting David’s renewed sense of artistic freedom.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: ‘I Can’t Read’ & ‘Under the God’
ποΈ Note: The band records the core tracks for the album. David adopts a new vocal approach, often recording first takes to capture the immediate energy of the room. The lyrics become more overtly political and abrasive, reflecting David’s renewed sense of artistic freedom.
π
1988-05-31
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Production Momentum
ποΈ Note: David concludes May with the majority of the album’s backing tracks completed. He is energized by the “non-commercial” nature of the recordings, marking the most significant departure from his mainstream persona in over a decade.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Production Momentum
ποΈ Note: David concludes May with the majority of the album’s backing tracks completed. He is energized by the “non-commercial” nature of the recordings, marking the most significant departure from his mainstream persona in over a decade.
Final Overdubs & Sonic Density β June 1988
π
1988-06-12
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Overdubs: Gabrels’ Guitar Textures
ποΈ Note: David encourages Reeves Gabrels to push the boundaries of conventional guitar playing. They spend several sessions layering feedback and non-traditional sounds, creating the dense, “ugly” sonic landscape that David feels is necessary to kill off his 80s pop persona.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Overdubs: Gabrels’ Guitar Textures
ποΈ Note: David encourages Reeves Gabrels to push the boundaries of conventional guitar playing. They spend several sessions layering feedback and non-traditional sounds, creating the dense, “ugly” sonic landscape that David feels is necessary to kill off his 80s pop persona.
π
1988-06-25
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: ‘Prisoner of Love’ & ‘Crack City’
ποΈ Note: The band completes the final core tracks for the debut album. Davidβs lyrics for ‘Crack City’ are particularly abrasive, reflecting his observations of urban decay and drug culture, delivered with a raw vocal intensity absent from his recent solo work.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Recording: ‘Prisoner of Love’ & ‘Crack City’
ποΈ Note: The band completes the final core tracks for the debut album. Davidβs lyrics for ‘Crack City’ are particularly abrasive, reflecting his observations of urban decay and drug culture, delivered with a raw vocal intensity absent from his recent solo work.
π
1988-06-30
π Nassau, π§πΈ Bahamas
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Bahamas Sessions Wrap
ποΈ Note: David concludes June with the primary recording phase finished. The band feels a strong sense of camaraderie, having successfully functioned as a democratic unit throughout the intense Caribbean heat.
ποΈ Compass Point Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Bahamas Sessions Wrap
ποΈ Note: David concludes June with the primary recording phase finished. The band feels a strong sense of camaraderie, having successfully functioned as a democratic unit throughout the intense Caribbean heat.
Mixing & The Search for Rawness β July 1988
π
1988-07-10
π Montreux, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Mixing Sessions: David Richards & The Band
ποΈ Note: The band relocates back to Switzerland to begin mixing the album with David Richards. David insists on a “dry” mix with very little reverb, wanting the listener to feel as if they are in the room with the loud, vibrating amplifiers.
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Mixing Sessions: David Richards & The Band
ποΈ Note: The band relocates back to Switzerland to begin mixing the album with David Richards. David insists on a “dry” mix with very little reverb, wanting the listener to feel as if they are in the room with the loud, vibrating amplifiers.
π
1988-07-22
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Artistic Evaluation: Mastering the Noise
ποΈ Note: David reviews the first full-length playback of the album. He is delighted by the jarring, uncommercial nature of the music, privatey remarking that this project is his “mid-life crisis” handled through noise rather than nostalgia.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Artistic Evaluation: Mastering the Noise
ποΈ Note: David reviews the first full-length playback of the album. He is delighted by the jarring, uncommercial nature of the music, privatey remarking that this project is his “mid-life crisis” handled through noise rather than nostalgia.
π
1988-07-31
π Montreux, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Post-Production Milestone
ποΈ Note: David concludes July with the majority of the album mixed. The transition from the “Glass Spider” superstar to a band member in a hard-rock quartet is now sonically complete.
ποΈ Mountain Studios
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Post-Production Milestone
ποΈ Note: David concludes July with the majority of the album mixed. The transition from the “Glass Spider” superstar to a band member in a hard-rock quartet is now sonically complete.
Final Mastering & Post-Studio Reset β August 1988
π
1988-08-15
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Masterdisk / The Hit Factory
πΈ Event: Mastering: The Loudness Principle
ποΈ Note: David arrives in New York to oversee the final mastering of the debut ‘Tin Machine’ album. He instructs engineer Bob Ludwig to keep the levels high and the sound “dry,” ensuring that the abrasive guitar frequencies are preserved for the final vinyl and CD pressings.
ποΈ Masterdisk / The Hit Factory
πΈ Event: Mastering: The Loudness Principle
ποΈ Note: David arrives in New York to oversee the final mastering of the debut ‘Tin Machine’ album. He instructs engineer Bob Ludwig to keep the levels high and the sound “dry,” ensuring that the abrasive guitar frequencies are preserved for the final vinyl and CD pressings.
π
1988-08-28
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Viewing
πΈ Event: Visual Strategy: The Anti-Glamour Look
ποΈ Note: David meets with artistic collaborators to discuss the visual identity of the band. He decides on a “suit-and-tie” aesthetic that is intentionally corporate and anonymous, a direct move to strip away the flamboyant “David Bowie” persona of the mid-80s.
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Viewing
πΈ Event: Visual Strategy: The Anti-Glamour Look
ποΈ Note: David meets with artistic collaborators to discuss the visual identity of the band. He decides on a “suit-and-tie” aesthetic that is intentionally corporate and anonymous, a direct move to strip away the flamboyant “David Bowie” persona of the mid-80s.
π
1988-08-31
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Isolar Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Strategic Silence Continues
ποΈ Note: David concludes August with the album fully mastered and ready for release. He chooses to keep the project a secret from the general public for several more months, allowing the “old” Bowie image to fade further from the spotlight.
ποΈ Isolar Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Strategic Silence Continues
ποΈ Note: David concludes August with the album fully mastered and ready for release. He chooses to keep the project a secret from the general public for several more months, allowing the “old” Bowie image to fade further from the spotlight.
The Sales Brothers & Rhythmic Foundations β September 1988
π
1988-09-12
π Los Angeles, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Space
πΈ Event: Rhythm Section Sessions: Tony and Hunt Sales
ποΈ Note: David spends time in LA with Tony and Hunt Sales to review the finished mixes. He is particularly focused on their “heavy swing” contribution, which he feels differentiates this project from the mechanical drum-machine sound of his previous era.
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Space
πΈ Event: Rhythm Section Sessions: Tony and Hunt Sales
ποΈ Note: David spends time in LA with Tony and Hunt Sales to review the finished mixes. He is particularly focused on their “heavy swing” contribution, which he feels differentiates this project from the mechanical drum-machine sound of his previous era.
π
1988-09-24
π Los Angeles, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Private Photography Session
πΈ Event: Photography: Early Band Portraits
ποΈ Note: The band participates in their first formal photo sessions. David insists on group shots where he is not the central figure, reinforcing the democratic “four-man-band” concept that he will maintain throughout the project’s promotion.
ποΈ Private Photography Session
πΈ Event: Photography: Early Band Portraits
ποΈ Note: The band participates in their first formal photo sessions. David insists on group shots where he is not the central figure, reinforcing the democratic “four-man-band” concept that he will maintain throughout the project’s promotion.
π
1988-09-30
π Los Angeles, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Sunset Marquis
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Building Group Identity
ποΈ Note: David concludes September having successfully shifted his focus from the studio process to the psychological reality of being in a band. The group identity is now firmly established among the four members as they prepare for the 1989 launch.
ποΈ Sunset Marquis
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Building Group Identity
ποΈ Note: David concludes September having successfully shifted his focus from the studio process to the psychological reality of being in a band. The group identity is now firmly established among the four members as they prepare for the 1989 launch.
Visual Identity & Artistic Retreat β October 1988
π
1988-10-14
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Creative Session: Cover Art Design
ποΈ Note: David reviews the final mock-ups for the debut album cover. He chooses a stark, monochromatic image of the four band members in suits, standing in a line. He insists that his name does not appear larger than the others, reinforcing the democratic band concept.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Creative Session: Cover Art Design
ποΈ Note: David reviews the final mock-ups for the debut album cover. He chooses a stark, monochromatic image of the four band members in suits, standing in a line. He insists that his name does not appear larger than the others, reinforcing the democratic band concept.
π
1988-10-25
π London, π¬π§ UK
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Meeting
πΈ Event: Strategic Planning: Label Negotiations
ποΈ Note: David and his management hold private discussions with EMI. David is adamant that ‘Tin Machine’ should be marketed as a new band rather than a David Bowie solo project, even at the risk of lower initial commercial expectations.
ποΈ Isolar Office / Private Meeting
πΈ Event: Strategic Planning: Label Negotiations
ποΈ Note: David and his management hold private discussions with EMI. David is adamant that ‘Tin Machine’ should be marketed as a new band rather than a David Bowie solo project, even at the risk of lower initial commercial expectations.
π
1988-10-31
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Preparing for the Reveal
ποΈ Note: David concludes October in Switzerland. The album is finished, the artwork is selected, and the marketing strategy is set. He spends his time painting and preparing for the high-energy promotion planned for 1989.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Preparing for the Reveal
ποΈ Note: David concludes October in Switzerland. The album is finished, the artwork is selected, and the marketing strategy is set. He spends his time painting and preparing for the high-energy promotion planned for 1989.
Contractual Shifts & Band Consolidation β November 1988
π
1988-11-12
π Los Angeles, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Studio
πΈ Event: Rehearsals: Refining the Live Sound
ποΈ Note: The band reconvenes for a short series of rehearsals. David wants to ensure that the raw, improvisational energy of the studio sessions can be replicated on stage without the aid of backing tracks or synthesizers.
ποΈ Private Rehearsal Studio
πΈ Event: Rehearsals: Refining the Live Sound
ποΈ Note: The band reconvenes for a short series of rehearsals. David wants to ensure that the raw, improvisational energy of the studio sessions can be replicated on stage without the aid of backing tracks or synthesizers.
π
1988-11-23
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ EMI Records HQ
πΈ Event: Contractual Finalization: Tin Machine Deal
ποΈ Note: The formal agreements for the release of the ‘Tin Machine’ album are finalized. David secures a deal that allows the band significant creative control, ensuring that the uncompromising “noise-rock” sound of the record remains intact.
ποΈ EMI Records HQ
πΈ Event: Contractual Finalization: Tin Machine Deal
ποΈ Note: The formal agreements for the release of the ‘Tin Machine’ album are finalized. David secures a deal that allows the band significant creative control, ensuring that the uncompromising “noise-rock” sound of the record remains intact.
π
1988-11-30
π New York City, πΊπΈ USA
ποΈ Isolar Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: The End of Solo Bowie
ποΈ Note: David concludes November having successfully legally and artistically transitioned into a band member. He privately remarks that he feels a renewed sense of purpose, having finally shed the “superstar” burden of the mid-80s.
ποΈ Isolar Office
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: The End of Solo Bowie
ποΈ Note: David concludes November having successfully legally and artistically transitioned into a band member. He privately remarks that he feels a renewed sense of purpose, having finally shed the “superstar” burden of the mid-80s.
Year-End Reflection & The Quiet Before the Storm β December 1988
π
1988-12-08
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Archival Review: Glass Spider Home Video
ποΈ Note: David spends time reviewing the final cuts of the ‘Glass Spider’ concert film, scheduled for release in early 1989. He privately views this as the final document of his “solo superstar” era, contrasting its neon excess with the monochromatic noise of the finished Tin Machine album.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Archival Review: Glass Spider Home Video
ποΈ Note: David spends time reviewing the final cuts of the ‘Glass Spider’ concert film, scheduled for release in early 1989. He privately views this as the final document of his “solo superstar” era, contrasting its neon excess with the monochromatic noise of the finished Tin Machine album.
π
1988-12-20
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Home Studio / Painting Room
πΈ Event: Artistic Reset: Painting and Preparation
ποΈ Note: David focuses on his painting and visual arts during the winter weeks. This creative detour is essential for his mental transition into the “anonymous” role he intends to play within Tin Machine, allowing him to step back from the music industry’s expectations.
ποΈ Home Studio / Painting Room
πΈ Event: Artistic Reset: Painting and Preparation
ποΈ Note: David focuses on his painting and visual arts during the winter weeks. This creative detour is essential for his mental transition into the “anonymous” role he intends to play within Tin Machine, allowing him to step back from the music industry’s expectations.
π
1988-12-25
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Holiday Break: Final Private Christmas
ποΈ Note: David spends a quiet Christmas with his son, Duncan. He is aware that 1989 will bring a massive public relaunch and possibly a polarizing reaction from fans, making this private interval a critical “cleansing of the palate.”
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Holiday Break: Final Private Christmas
ποΈ Note: David spends a quiet Christmas with his son, Duncan. He is aware that 1989 will bring a massive public relaunch and possibly a polarizing reaction from fans, making this private interval a critical “cleansing of the palate.”
π
1988-12-31
π Lausanne, π¨π Switzerland
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Farewell to the 80s Persona
ποΈ Note: David concludes 1988 having successfully avoided the public eye for the entire year. He has dismantled his commercial solo career and replaced it with a volatile, guitar-heavy rock band, ready to confront the new decade on his own terms.
ποΈ Clos des MΓ©sanges
πΈ Event: Month-End Review: Farewell to the 80s Persona
ποΈ Note: David concludes 1988 having successfully avoided the public eye for the entire year. He has dismantled his commercial solo career and replaced it with a volatile, guitar-heavy rock band, ready to confront the new decade on his own terms.
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